Did you know that 45% of contact lens wearers admit to keeping their lenses in contact lens solution longer than recommended?
Unfortunately, this common habit can lead to serious eye infections and complications. Contact lenses remain one of the most popular forms of eyewear, but they require proper eye care to maintain healthy vision. At Oakes Opticians, we regularly see patients suffering from preventable lens-related issues.
Cleaning your contacts correctly isn’t just about extending their life but protecting your eyes. From choosing the right solution to following proper hygiene practices, each step matters. This guide explains everything you need to know about keeping your lenses clean, comfortable, and safe for daily wear. Let’s ensure your eyes stay healthy while enjoying the freedom of contact lenses.
Why Cleaning Contact Lenses Properly Is Critical
The consequences of poor contact lens hygiene can be far more serious than many wearers realise. A recent survey revealed that only 1% of contact lens wearers followed all recommended hygiene practices. This startling statistic highlights why understanding proper lens care is essential for maintaining eye health.
How dirty lenses affect your eyes
Improper cleaning and storage of contact lenses allow harmful microorganisms to accumulate on the lens surface. When placed on the eye, these contaminated lenses can cause significant discomfort and irritation. Between 23% and 94% of contact lens wearers report experiencing discomfort and eye problems associated with their lenses.
Furthermore, dirty lenses can alter the shape of your cornea (the clear front surface of your eye). Contact lenses that are not properly worn can cause the cornea to swell and even stick to the eye. This uncomfortable condition can scratch the corneal surface, creating tiny abrasions that make it easier for germs to penetrate deeper into the eye tissue.
Additionally, prolonged wear of unclean lenses deprives your cornea of oxygen. When this oxygen deprivation continues, particularly during sleep, it increases the risk of developing corneal ulcers, which can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.
Common infections caused by poor hygiene
Microbial keratitis represents the most common contact lens-related infection. It occurs when bacteria, fungi, or parasites invade the cornea. The annual incidence of contact lens-associated keratitis is 2-4 per 10,000 wearers, with bacteria causing approximately 90% of these cases.
Notably, Acanthamoeba keratitis, though rarer, is particularly severe. This infection is caused by a microscopic organism commonly found in water sources. Approximately 85% of Acanthamoeba keratitis cases occur in contact lens wearers, and at least 30% of affected individuals experience permanent vision loss.
The impact of these infections extends beyond just discomfort. According to estimates in the US, contact lens-associated eye problems annually account for:
- 1 million visits to doctors’ offices
- 58,000 emergency presentations
Even more concerning, in severe cases, approximately 11-14% of individuals with bacterial keratitis experience permanent vision loss. At least 30% of fungal infections require corneal transplantation.
Step-by-Step Guide to Cleaning Your Contact Lenses
Proper contact lens hygiene requires more than just occasional cleaning. Establishing a consistent routine is essential for maintaining eye health and preventing infections. The steps below outline best practices eye care professionals recommend for keeping your lenses clean and comfortable.
1. Wash and dry your hands thoroughly
Always wash your hands with antibacterial soap before handling your contact lenses. Thoroughly rinse away all soap residue, as oil or lotion-based soaps can cloud or soil your lenses. After washing, dry your hands thoroughly with a lint-free towel to avoid transferring any lint or fibres to your lenses. Remember to keep your fingernails away from direct contact with your lenses, as nails can harbour germs and potentially damage the lens surface.
2. Use only fresh, recommended solution
When you clean your lenses, use only fresh contact lens solution; never reuse or “top off” old solution. Studies show that reusing the solution reduces disinfecting effectiveness and creates an environment where bacteria can flourish. Moreover, never substitute your proper contact lens solution with tap water, sterile water, saline solution, or saliva, as none provides the necessary disinfection properties. Always use the specific solution recommended by your optician.
3. Rub and rinse lenses even with ‘no-rub’ formulas
Regardless of whether your solution is labelled “no-rub,” eye specialists still recommend manually cleaning your lenses. Place each lens in your palm, apply a few drops of multipurpose solution, and gently rub the lens for approximately 15-20 seconds with your finger. Specifically, you should clean both sides of the lens using this method. Afterwards, rinse the lens thoroughly with fresh solution before storing or inserting it. This “rub and rinse” technique is the most effective method for removing deposits, debris, and microorganisms.
4. Clean and air-dry your lens case daily
Your lens case requires as much attention as your lenses themselves. After inserting your lenses, empty your case and rinse it with fresh contact lens solution—never use tap water for this purpose. Once rinsed, wipe the case with a clean tissue and leave it open to air-dry. The most effective way to dry your case is to place it face down on a clean tissue or paper towel, allowing any excess solution to drain while keeping airborne contaminants from settling inside. Store your case in a superb, dry location, away from humidity that can encourage bacterial growth.
5. Replace lenses and cases on schedule
Finally, adhere strictly to replacement schedules for both your lenses and case. Contact lens cases should be replaced at least every three months, although monthly replacement is ideal. A study by the CDC revealed that over 80% of contact lens wearers use their cases longer than recommended. Regardless of how diligently you clean your case, bacteria can accumulate in microscopic cracks and crevices over time. Additionally, follow your optician’s guidance on lens replacement schedules—typically every two weeks or monthly for soft contact lenses—to maintain optimal eye health and comfort.
What Not to Do When Cleaning Contact Lenses
Knowing what NOT to do with your contact lenses is just as crucial as following proper cleaning protocols. Even one misstep can lead to serious complications. Based on research and expert recommendations, here are the critical practices to avoid when handling your contact lenses.
Avoid using water or saliva
Never expose your contact lenses to water of any kind or your saliva. Both contain harmful microorganisms that can cause serious eye infections. Tap water, despite looking clean, contains numerous impurities and microorganisms that can contaminate or damage your lenses. These contaminants can lead to painful eye infections and potentially vision loss.
Acanthamoeba, a microscopic organism commonly found in tap water, poses a significant danger. This parasite can cause Acanthamoeba keratitis, a severe eye infection that is painful, difficult to treat, and sometimes requires a year or more of treatment. In rare cases, this infection can result in blindness or necessitate a corneal transplant.
Likewise, using saliva to wet lenses is exceptionally dangerous. The human mouth harbours countless bacteria that can transfer to your eyes and cause infections.
Don’t sleep in lenses not meant for overnight use
Sleeping in contact lenses significantly increases your risk of eye infections by six to eight times, regardless of lens type. One-third of contact lens wearers admit to occasionally sleeping with their lenses in, often unintentionally falling asleep while reading or watching television.
When you sleep wearing contact lenses, they form a barrier between your cornea and tears, limiting oxygen delivery to the cornea. This oxygen deprivation, known as ‘corneal hypoxia’, can lead to:
- Keratitis (inflammation of the cornea)
- Conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva)
- Corneal neovascularisation (development of new blood vessels in the cornea)
In severe cases, repeatedly sleeping in lenses can cause vision loss due to corneal scarring, potentially requiring medicated eye drops or even surgery.
Never reuse or top off old solution
Always discard leftover contact lens solution after each use. Never “top off” your existing solution with a fresh one, as this practice drastically reduces its effectiveness in disinfecting. Bacteria will have had time to grow and multiply in the used solution, creating a contaminated environment for your lenses.
Besides, never use an expired solution. The integrity of contact lens solution deteriorates over time, even if the bottle hasn’t been opened. Always check expiration dates and consider writing the opening date on the bottle to track freshness.
Avoid swimming or showering with lenses in
Water activities while wearing contact lenses substantially increase infection risk. Swimming, showering, or using hot tubs with lenses in exposes your eyes to potentially harmful microorganisms. Soft contact lenses are particularly problematic as they absorb water quickly, trapping bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens against your eye.
Studies show that showering while wearing contact lenses increases the odds of developing Acanthamoeba keratitis by 3.3 times. The risk extends to all water sources: pools, lakes, oceans, and even home showers.
If water does touch your lenses, remove them as soon as possible. Throw them away or clean and disinfect them thoroughly before wearing them again. If you notice symptoms such as redness, eye discharge, watery eyes, or blurred vision after water exposure, consult an eye doctor immediately.
Choosing the Right Contact Lens Solution
Selecting an appropriate contact lens solution is a crucial decision that directly impacts eye health and comfort. Understanding the differences between various products will help you make informed choices about your eye care routine.
Types of solutions: multipurpose vs. hydrogen peroxide
Two primary types of contact lens solutions dominate the market: multipurpose and hydrogen peroxide-based formulations.
Multipurpose solutions function as all-in-one products that clean, disinfect, rinse and store your lenses. These solutions offer convenience and affordability, making them the most popular choice among wearers. They work quickly and require minimal handling—place your lenses in your palm, apply the solution, gently rub for about 10 seconds, and rinse before inserting or storing.
Hydrogen peroxide solutions, conversely, provide a deeper clean and superior disinfection. These preservative-free options often suit those with sensitive eyes or allergies to certain chemicals. Nevertheless, they demand more time and attention, typically requiring a 6-8 hour soaking period. Hydrogen peroxide must be neutralised before lens insertion to prevent painful stinging and burning.
How to know which solution is right for you
Your eye doctor remains the best resource for determining your solution. Generally, consider these factors:
- Lens type: Different solutions work best with specific lens materials. Ensure your solution matches your lens type (soft, silicone hydrogel, or RGP).
- Eye sensitivity: If you experience irritation with multipurpose solutions, hydrogen peroxide systems might provide relief since they contain no preservatives.
- Lifestyle: Those with busy schedules might prefer multipurpose solutions for their simplicity, whilst those needing thorough cleaning might opt for hydrogen peroxide systems.
- Disinfection needs: Hydrogen peroxide solutions offer more potent disinfection properties, potentially beneficial for those prone to infections.
Signs your solution may not be working
Watch for these indicators that your current solution isn’t suitable:
- Persistent blurry vision after insertion
- Increased protein buildup on lenses
- Recurring eye discomfort or redness
- Itching or burning sensations
- Lens discoloration
Should you notice these symptoms, consult your optician promptly. Sometimes, switching solutions resolves these issues effectively.
Remember never to mix different solutions or use products not specifically designed for your lenses. The right solution not only keeps your lenses clean but also preserves your eye health in the long term.
When to See an Eye Doctor
Even with diligent cleaning routines and proper contact lens solution use, eye complications can still develop. Recognising the warning signs that require professional attention is essential for preventing severe damage.
Redness, pain, or discharge
Persistent eye redness is often the first indicator of a developing problem and should never be ignored. This symptom, especially when accompanied by pain, might signal contact lens-associated red eye (CLARE), an inflammatory response to overnight lens wear. If you notice unusual eye secretions or discharge, remove your lenses immediately.
White or yellow spots visible in the coloured part of your eye require urgent medical attention, as these often indicate early infection. Indeed, redness and inflammation are unmistakable red flags that may suggest bacterial or fungal conjunctivitis. Promptly consult an eye doctor if these symptoms appear, as prolonged inflammation can lead to serious complications.
Blurry vision or light sensitivity
Sudden blurred vision whilst wearing contact lenses necessitates immediate professional assessment. If blurriness continues after removing your lenses, particularly when accompanied by pain, discomfort, or discharge, you might have an eye infection or corneal scratch.
Light sensitivity (photophobia) frequently indicates corneal abrasions or infections. Anytime you experience unusual sensitivity to light or see rainbows or halos around objects, contact your eye care professional straightaway. Underlying conditions like keratitis can cause these symptoms, potentially leading to corneal scarring if left untreated.
Discomfort that doesn’t go away
Persistent discomfort, irritation, or the sensation of something in your eye demands professional attention. If you consistently experience burning, itching, or stinging that doesn’t resolve after lens removal, schedule an appointment with your optician.
Should symptoms worsen or persist beyond an hour after removing your lenses, seek medical advice immediately. The quicker you obtain professional care, the sooner treatment can begin, significantly reducing the risk of severe infection or permanent vision damage.
Contact lens-related eye problems account for one million doctor visits annually. Whenever you experience any concerning symptoms, remove your lenses immediately and consult an eye doctor—your vision is too valuable to risk.
Taking Care of Your Contact Lenses: Final Thoughts
Proper contact lens care is essential for protecting your eye health. Poor hygiene can lead to serious infections, yet only 1% of wearers follow all best practices. Key steps like using fresh solution, avoiding water exposure, and recognising early warning signs (e.g., redness, discharge, blurry vision) greatly reduce risks. Choosing the right solution and following a daily cleaning routine are vital. With just a few minutes of care each day, you can safely enjoy the comfort and convenience of lenses. Always reach out to your optician if you notice any issues or need guidance.